![]() ![]() Although Google Scholar and Scopus seem to provide higher numbers of citations ( Falagas et al., 2008), there is mixed information on the h index. ![]() Some papers have compared citations between these three databases. The three widely used bibliometric databases for analysis and evaluations of citations and the h index are Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier), and Google Scholar. The h index can also be calculated for journals, departments, universities or countries. It is a personal index and provides information on the number of publications of an author and the number of citations: A scholar with an index of h has published h papers with at least h citations each. Since 2005, the h index has been used as an index for quantifying the scientific productivity of scientists based on their publication record ( Hirsch, 2005). For most journals it shows considerable inter-annual fluctuation and it provides no information on individual papers nor individual authors. Traditionally, the impact factor of a journal has been used – a metric developed by Garfield (1955) whereby the citations and number of papers published over a given period are divided. They are also being used for the evaluations of university departments and research centres. Scientific impact measures are increasingly being used for academic promotions, grant evaluations and evaluation of job vacancy candidates. ![]() The h5-index is a better measure of a journal’s citation than the 2 or 5 year window impact factor. We also investigated the relationship between journal’s impact factor and Google Scholar’s h5-index. From this analysis it can be concluded that the choice of the database affects widely-used citation and evaluation metrics but that bibliometric transfer functions exist to relate the metrics from these three databases. There is a large difference between the number of citations, number of publications and the h index using the three databases. The h index of an individual soil scientist is about 0.7 times the number of years since his/her first publication. Over time, the metrics increase in all three databases but fastest in Google Scholar. The h index in Google Scholar is on average 1.4 times larger than Web of Science, and the h index in Scopus is on average 1.1 times larger than Web of Science. Scopus metrics are slightly higher than that of the Web of Science. The number of papers in Google Scholar is on average 2.3 times higher and the number of citations is 1.9 times higher compared to the data in the Web of Science. On average, Google Scholar has the highest h index, number of publications and citations per researcher, and the Web of Science the lowest. We compiled the number of publications, number of citations, h index and year since the first publication from 340 soil researchers from all over the world. Citation metrics and h indices differ using different bibliometric databases. ![]()
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